The same unanimity that prevailed in regard to the main objects of the new organization extended also to its choice of methods. It was unflinching that a series of conferences would be the best means to entice the attention of all those who might become interested in the proposed organization, "to put the present situation of the Negro in its sum in the foreground of public interest, and to establish a bum of fact, reasoned policy, and even of science, for its future conduct" (NAACP pamphlet, 1984, cited in The Crisis, 1994, p. 29). scarce a radical, militant organization, the NAACP of 1909 was highly rational, calculating, and intent upon achieving social legal expert through the legal system. A strong belief in the Constitution itself would ironically bring about the legal arguments postulate to change unjust laws which denied African Americans equality.
In their "The NAACP as a Reform Movement, 1909-1965," Meier & Bracey (1993) relate the history of the organization from its origins in the escapedist movement to the victories achieved in the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the voter turnout Rights Act of 1965 (p. 1). In effect, their recounting of the birth and germinal long time of the organization illuminates the history of American reform in the twentieth century. Born in 1909 on the fringes of Progressive Era reform, the affiliation singlemindedly kept to its original goal of
In a sense, Du Bois's insistence that African Americans form cooperatives would expect had the same impact that the above mentioned tactics did. His insistence on socialistic practices to alleviate economic depression may scram offended some African Americans who, in the 1920s, were still voting Republican. After all, during the 1920s, a plosive when Republicans dominated the White domicil and African American voters remained overwhelmingly Republican, the African American vote, " much(prenominal) as it was, was essentially taken for granted. Conditions in the South were non improving for blacks, and conditions in the North were getting worse, in umpteen respects" (Meier & Bracey, 1993, p. 13).
A section from Meier & Bracey's (1993) history of the NAACP as a reform movement gives a good overview of the NAACP's subsequent growth. In addition, it shows the manner in which popular culture (the movies) promoted racism in the dominant culture:
African American activism in the period of the 1960s through the 1970s was of a more violent, confrontational nature than that advocated by Dr. King. The NAACP, for its part, continued to make legal inroads. African Americans' increase in voting spring caused many another(prenominal) etiolated southerners and northern white ethnics to shift to the Republican party, in a reactionary stance against the shift in greater power for African Americans. This has reinforced the decline in liberalism associated with the Republican ascendance since the end of the 1960s. Meier & Bracey (1993) sum up their history of the NAACP with, "In short, the NAACP, which outlived many of the Progressive and New Deal organizations and had a successful post-World contend II career, now appears to have suffered the general fate of liberal reform in the 1970s and 1980s" (p. 30).
The present NAACP has been kindle with internal difficulties. Dr. Ben Chavis, who was briefly mentioned previously, was fired by the board in 1994 for allegedly making an improper disbursement to settle a
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